Q2. What rule hath God given to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him?
A. The Word of God, which is contained in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, is the only rule to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him.
Q1. What necessity is there of a rule to direct us how to glorify and enjoy God?
A. It is necessary, because, since God will be glorified by the reasonable creature, nothing can be a perfect rule for that end, but his own revealed will, Rom. 12:2.
Q2. Can man, by any wisdom or power of his own, ever attain to the glorifying of God, and the enjoyment of him, which he has come short of, by his fall in the first Adam?
A. No; his wisdom and knowledge in the things of God, are become folly and ignorance, Job 11:12; and his power to do good is turned into utter impotency, John 6:44.
Q3. Where has God revealed the way, in which man may recover and attain the end of his creation?
A. In the word of God, which is contained in the scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, John 5:39 - "Search the scriptures..."
Q4. How do you know the scriptures of the Old and New Testaments to be the word of God?
A. By the print of God that is evidently to be seen upon them: for, as none works like God, Isaiah 43:13; so none speaks like him, John 7:46.
Q5. What do you understand by the print or impress of God that is so discernible in the scriptures?
A. That majesty, holiness, light, life, and efficacy, which shine in the word itself, Rom. 1:16; Psalm 19:7.
Q6. What may be said of those who do not see that print of God in the word, though they read it?
A. It may be said, "The god of this world hath blinded the minds of them that believe not," 2 Cor. 4:4.
Q7. Since all men are spiritually blind by nature, is it not in vain for them to read the scriptures?
A. No; it is the will of God that they should read and search the scriptures, John 5:39; and the entrance of his word gives light and sight to them that are blind, Psalm 119:130.
Q8. What should a man do that the Bible may not remain a sealed book to him?
A. Whenever he looks into the word of God, he should look up to God, the author of it, saying, "Open thou mine eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of thy law," Psalm 119:18. "O send out thy light and thy truth; let them lead me," Psalm 43:3.
Q9. By what arguments may we persuade men that are infidels, to receive the scriptures as the Word of God?
A. We may deal with them by rational arguments drawn from their antiquity; the heavenliness of the matter; the majesty of the style; the harmony of all the parts,though written in different ages; the exact accomplishment of prophecies; the sublimity of the mysteries and matters contained in the word; the efficacy and power of it, in the conviction and conversion of multitudes; the scope of the whole, to guide men to attain their chief end, the glory of God in their own salvation; and the many miracles wrought for the confirmation of the truth of the doctrines contained in them.3
Q10. Can these or the like rational arguments, ever produce a divine faith?
A. No; for rational arguments can only produce a mere rational faith, founded on reason; but a divine and saving faith rests wholly upon the divine testimony inherent in the word itself; or upon a "Thus saith the Lord."
Q11. How is this inherent testimony discovered?
A. By the same Spirit of God that dictated the word, 2 Pet. 1:21; he being an "Interpreter, one among a thousand," John 16:13.
Q12. What is it that will fully persuade and assure a person that the scriptures are indeed the word of God?
A. "The Spirit of God bearing witness by, and with the scriptures in the heart of man, is alone able fully to persuade it, that they are the very word of God," John 16:13, 14; 1 John 2:27.4
Q13. Whether does the authority of the scripture, for which it ought to be believed and obeyed, depend upon the testimony of the church, or wholly upon God?
A. "Wholly upon God, (who is truth itself,) the author thereof; and, therefore, it is to be received, because it is the word of God, 1 John 5:9; 1 Thess. 2:13."5
Q14. Why cannot the authority of the scriptures depend upon the church?
A. Bec:use the true church of Christ depends, in its very being, on the scriptures; and therefore the scriptures cannot depend upon it, as to their authority, Eph. 2:20, 22.
Q15. Are not the light of nature, and the works of creation and providence, sufficient to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy God?
A. These "do so far manifest the goodness, wisdom, and power of God, as to leave men inexcusable, Rom. 2:14, 15, and 1:19, 20; yet are they not sufficient to give that knowledge of God, and of his will, which is necessary unto salvation, 1 Cor. 2:13, 14."6
Q16. What makes a further revelation, than nature's light, necessary?
A. The glory of the Divine perfections, particularly his mercy, grace, love, and faithfulness, Psalm 85:8, 10, 11; the gross ignorance and degeneracy of mankind, 1 Cor. 1:20, 21; the sublimeness of the things revealed, which otherwise had never been known by men or angels, John 1:18; it is also necessary for trying the spirits and doctrines of men, and for unmasking the impostures of the devil, 1 John 4:1-3.
Q17. How does it appear that the scriptures are not an imposition upon mankind?
A. If the penman of the scriptures had inclined to deceive, they would have accommodated themselves to the dispositions of the people with whom they conversed, and connived at their lusts; but, on the contrary, we find they faithfully exposed the errors and vices of men, and impartially set themselves against every thing that corrupt nature is fond of; and that, though they were laid open to the greatest hardships and sufferings for so doing, Acts 5:29-41.
Q18. What is the meaning of the word scriptures?
A. It signifies writings; and the word of God is emphatically so called, because God has therein written to us the great things of his law and covenant, Hos. 8:12.
Q19. Why was the word of God committed to writings?
A. "For the better preserving and propagating of the truth; and for the more sure establishment and comfort of the church, against the corruption of the flesh, and the malice of Satan and of the world, Luke 1:3, 4; Proverbs 22:20, 21."7
Q20. How was the will of God made known to the church, before it was committed to writing?
A. By immediate revelations, Gen. 2:16, 17, and 3:15; by frequent appearances of the Son of God, delighting, beforehand, to try on the human likeness, Gen. 18:2, compared with v. 3, Judg. 13:11, compared with verses 18, 19; by the ministry of the holy angels, Gen. 19:1, 15; Heb. 2:2, and of the patriarchs, Jude, ver. 14, 15; Heb. 11:7.
Q21. Why are the scriptures of the Old and New Testament called the word of God?
A. Because "all scripture is given by inspiration of God," 2 Tim. 3:16, being immediately indited by the Holy Ghost, 2 Pet. 1:21.
Q22. Why are they commonly called the Bible?
A. The word BIBLE signifying a book; the holy scriptures are so called by way of eminence, because they are incomparably the best of all books, as containing the invariable grounds of faith in Christ, for life eternal, John 20:31 - "These are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that, believing, ye might have life through his name."
Q23. Why are the holy scriptures called a Testament?
A. Because they are the last will of the glorious Testator, first typically, and then actually confirmed by his death, concerning the vast legacies therein bequeathed to his spiritual seed: Heb. 9:16, "Where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the Testator."
Q24. Why are the writings of Moses and the prophets called the Old Testament?
A. Because the will of the Testator, Christ, was veiled, legally dispensed, and typically sealed by the blood of sacrificed beasts, upon which account it is called comparatively faulty, Heb. 8:7, 8; and was therefore to vanish away, verse 13.
Q25. To whom were the oracles of God, under the Old Testament, committed?
A. To the church of the Jews, Rom. 3:1, 2 - "What advantage hath the Jew? Much every way: chiefly, because unto them were committed the oracles of God."
Q26. Why are the scriptures from Matthew to the end of the Revelation, called the New Testament?
A. Because they contain the most clear and full revelation, and actual ratification of the covenant of promise, by the death of Christ the Testator, who is also the living Executor of his own testament, Rev. 1:18 - "I am he that liveth and was dead; and behold, I am alive for evermore." John 14:19 - "Because I live, ye shall live also."
Q27. Will this New Testament dispensation of the grace of God ever undergo any other alteration?
A. No; it will remain new and unalterable, till the second coming of the Lord Jesus, Mat. 26:29.
Q28. Do the scriptures of the Old Testament continue to be a rule of faith and practice to us who live under the New?
A. Yes; because they are the record of God concerning Christ, as well as the scriptures of the New Testament; for all the prophets prophesied of him; to him they did all bear witness, Acts 10:43; and Christ commands all to search them, because eternal life is to be found in them, and they testify of him, John 5:39.
Q29. How could the Old Testament be of force when it was not confirmed by the death of the Testator?
A. The death of Christ, the Testator, was typified in all the expiatory sacrifices of that dispensation; hence is he called, "The Lamb slain from the foundation of the world," Rev. 13:8.
Q30. Is not that typical dispensation now quite abolished, under the New Testament?
A. Yes; for it was promised, that the Messiah should "cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease;" and accordingly, "Christ being come, - neither by the blood of goats nor calves, but by his own blood, he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us," Heb. 9:11, 12.
Q31. Why was that ceremonial dispensation abolished?
A. Because it was only a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things; that is, not the very things themselves, Heb. 10:1.
Q32. Wherein does the New Testament excel the Old?
A. Amongst other things, it excels it in respect of evidence, worship, extent, gifts, and duration.
Q33. Wherein does the New Testament excel the Old in respect of evidence?
A. The Old Testament speaks of a Messiah to come, but the New presents him as already come, John 1:29, 41; The Old was dark and cloudy, but the New clear and perspicuous, 2 Cor. 3:18.
Q34. How does it excel in respect of worship?
A. The worship of the Old Testament was a yoke of bondage; but the worship of the New is free, spiritual, and easy, Gal. 5:1.
Q35. How does the New Testament excel in respect of extent?
A. The Old was confined to the Jews, Psalm 147:19, 20, and a few proselytes among the Gentiles, Ex. 12:48; but the New extends to all the world, Mark 16:15; and its converts are vastly more numerous than under the old dispensation, Rev. 7:9.
Q36. How does it excel in respect of gifts?
A. The gifts of the Spirit are more plentiful, and more efficacious under the New, than under the Old, Acts 2:17, 18.
Q37. How does the New Testament excel in respect of duration?
A. The dispensation of the Old Testament, by types and sacrifices, was only for a time, Heb. 8:13; but the dispensation of the New, is to continue unalterable to the end of the world, Matt. 28:20.
Q38. Why are the scriptures said to be the only rule to direct us, how we may glorify and enjoy God?
A. Because none but God, the author of the scriptures, could, by them, show the way, how he himself is to be glorified and enjoyed by fallen sinners of mankind, Micah. 6:6, 9; Matt. 11:25, 28.
Q39. Although the light of nature, or natural reason, should not be the only rule, yet may it not be admitted as a sufficient rule, to direct us how to glorify and enjoy God?
A. By no means; because of its utter incapacity to give the smallest discovery of Christ, the Mediator of the new covenant, 1 Cor. 2:14, who is the only way of salvation for lost sinners of Adam's family, John 14:6.
Q40. Is it enough to assert, that the word of God is the principal rule to direct us?
A. No; because this would leave room to conceive of another rule, beside the scriptures, which, though it might not be called the principal one, yet might be in itself abundantly good and sufficient for directing sinners to their chief end; which is false, and contrary to scripture, Luke 16:29, 31; Isaiah 8:20; Acts 4:12.
Q41. Wherein consists the perfection of the scriptures?
A. It consists in this, that, "the whole counsel of God, concerning all things necessary for his own glory, man's salvation, faith and life, is either expressly set down in scripture, or by good and necessary consequence may be deduced from scripture, 2 Tim. 3:15-17; Gal. 1:8, 9."8
Q42. Are plain and necessary scripture consequences to be admitted as a part of the rule, as well as express scriptures?
A. Yes; as is evident from the instance of our Lord, in proving the doctrine of the resurrection against the Sadducees, Matt. 22:31, 32 - "As touching the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying, I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living."
Q43. Are the scriptures a clear and perspicuous rule?
A. All things necessary to be known, believed, and observed for salvation, are so clearly laid down in one place of scripture or another, that every one, in the due use of ordinary means, may attain to a sufficient understanding of them, Psalm 119:105, 130.9
Q44. Are human and unwritten traditions, how ancient soever, to be admitted as a part of the rule?
A. No; all human traditions are to be examined by the scriptures; and, "if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them," Isaiah 8:20.
Q45. Can the heathens, by all the helps they have, without revelation, attain to such a knowledge of God, and his will, as is necessary to salvation?
A. By no means: for they are declared to be "without God, and without hope in the world," Eph. 2:12. "And where there is no vision, the people perish," Proverbs 29:18; there being "no other name under heaven, given among men, whereby we must be saved," but that of Jesus, Acts 4:12.
Q46. Is the light within men, or the Spirit without the word, which is pretended to by the Quakers, and other enthusiasts, to be used as any rule for our direction?
A. No; because whatever light or spirit is pretended to, without the word, it is but darkness, delusion, and a spirit of error, 1 John 4:1, 6.
Q47. In what language were the scriptures originally written?
A. The Old Testament was written originally in Hebrew, and the New Testament in Greek.
Q48. Why ought the scriptures to be translated into the vulgar language of every nation where they come?
A. Because sinners of mankind have a right to, and interest in the scriptures, Proverbs 8:4; and are commanded, in the fear of God, to read and search them, John 5:39.
Q49. Who is the supreme judge, in whose sentence we are to rest in determining all controversies of religion, and examining the decrees and doctrines of men?
A. "No other but the Holy Spirit speaking in the scripture, Matt. 22:29; Acts 28:25."10
Q50. Why are the books called the Apocrypha to be rejected as no part of the canon of scripture?
A. Because they were not written in the original language of the Old Testament; nor acknowledged for scripture by the Jews, to whom the oracles of God were committed; and have nothing of that impress of majesty, holiness, and efficacy, which shines so conspicuously in the scriptures of the Old and New Testaments; and because they were written after Malachi, whose book is called, the end of the Prophets; and contain many false things, contradictory and heretical.
Q51. Wherein consists the incomparable excellency and usefulness of the scriptures?
A. They are the well furnished dispensatory of all sovereign remedies, Psalm 107:20; the rich magazine of all true comfort, Rom. 15:4; the complete armoury of all spiritual weapons, Eph. 6:13-18; and the unerring compass to guide to the haven of glory, 2 Pet. 1:19.
Q1. How can the Scriptures be called the word of God, seeing the things contained there were spoken and written by men?
A. They are truly and properly called the word of God, because they came not by the will of man; but holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy Spirit, 2 Peter 1:21.
Q2. What are the principal arguments to persuade us that the scriptures are of Divine authority and inspiration?
A. Three things especially convince us: FIRST, The holiness of the doctrine therein contained. SECONDLY, The awful efficacy thereof on the soul. THIRDLY, The uncontrollable miracles by which they are sealed, put it beyond all rational doubt that they are the very words of God.
Q3. What is the holiness of the scriptures; and how does that prove them to be God's word?.
A. The holiness of the scriptures does appear in two things: FIRST, In commanding and encouraging whatever is pure, and holy; Philippians 4:8. Whatever things are pure. SECONDLY, In forbidding all unholiness, under pain of damnation; 2 Corinthians 6:9. Know you not, that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God, etc. This shows that they came not from Satan, being cross to his design; nor from man, it being against his corrupt nature; and therefore from God only.
Q4. What is their authority and efficacy on the soul? and how does that prove them divine?
A. Their authority, and efficacy on the soul, consists in three things: FIRST, In the power they have to search and discover the secrets of men; Hebrews 12:4. The word of God is quick and powerful, and sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow; and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart. SECONDLY, In their converting efficacy, changing and renewing the soul; Psalm 19:7. The law of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul. THIRDLY, In their cheering and restoring efficacy, when the soul is cast down under any inward or outward trouble; Psalm 19:8. The statutes of the Lord are right, rejoicing the heart. No human power can do such things as these; John 17:17. Sanctify them through your truth; your word is truth.
Q5. How do miracles confirm it?
A. Because all proper miracles are wrought only by the hand of God: John 3:2. And no man can do these miracles that you do, except God be with him: and so are his seal to whatever he affixes them, and it consists not with his truth, and holiness to set it to a forgery.
Q6. What was the end of writing the word?
A. That the church to the end of the world might have a sure, known, standing-rule, to try and judge all things by, and not be left to the uncertainty of traditions; John 5:39. Search the scriptures, for in them you think you have eternal life, and they are they which testify of me.
Q7. Does not the authority of the scriptures depend on the church, fathers, and councils?
A. No, the scriptures are not built on the authority of the church, but the church on them; Ephesians 2:20. And are built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner-stone. And as for councils and fathers, the scriptures are not to be tried by them; but they by the scriptures; Isaiah 8:20. To the law and to the testimony; if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them.
Q8. What may be fairly inferred from this proposition, that the scriptures are the word of God?
A. Three things may be hence inferred. FIRST, The perfection of the scriptures, which being the only rule given by God, must therefore be perfect. SECONDLY, That it is the right of common people to read them; John 5:39. Search the scriptures, Acts 17:11. These were more noble than those of Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so. THIRDLY, That we owe no obedience to the injunctions of men farther than they are sufficiently warranted by the written word; Matthew 15:9. But in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men. Of Faith and Obedience
Q1. Do we need a rule to direct us to our chief end?
A. Yes: For we all like sheep have gone astray, Isa. 53:6.
Q2. Could we not find it out of ourselves?
A. No: For man is born like the wild ass's colt, Job 11:12.
Q3. Is divine revelation necessary to religion?
A. Yes: For faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of God, Rom. 10:17.
Q4. Is not the light of nature suffcient without it?
A. No: For the world by wisdom knew not God, 1 Cor. 1:21.
Q5. Has God therefore given us a revelation?
A. Yes: He hath showed thee, O man, what is good, Mic. 6:3.
Q6. Was there revelation from the beginning?
A. Yes: At sundry times, and in divers manners, God spake unto the fathers, Heb. 1:1.
Q7. Are the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament the word of God, and a divine revelation?
A. Yes: For all Scripture is given by inspiration of God, 2 Tim. 3:16.
Q8. Were they indited by the blessed Spirit?
A. Yes: For holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost, 2 Pet. 1:21.
Q9. Were they confirmed by miracles?
A. Yes; God also bearing them witness both with signs and wonders, Heb. 2:4.
Q10. Do they recommend themselves?
A. Yes; For the word of God is quick and powerful, Heb. 4:12.
Q11. Is not the Bible then a cheat put upon the world?
A. No: For these are not the words of him that hath a devil, John 10:21.
Q12. Was the book of the Scripture written for our use?
A. Yes: Whatsoever things were written aforetime, were written for our learning, Rom. 15:4.
Q13. And is it of great use?
A. Yes: For it is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, 2 Tim. 3:16.
Q14. Are the Scriptures the great support of our religion?
A. Yes: For we are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Eph. 2:20.
Q15. Are they the standing rule of our faith and practice?
A. Yes: We first have recourse to the law and to the testimony. Isa. 8:20.
Q16. Are they the only rule?
A. Yes: For other foundation can no man lay, 1 Cor. 3:11.
Q17. Are they our guide?
A. Yes: For the commandment is a lamp, and the law is light, Prov. 6:23.
Q18. Do they show us the way to heaven and happiness?
A. Yes: For in them we thing we have eternal life, and they are they which testify of Christ, John 5:39.
Q19. Are the Scriptures our oracle which we must consult?
A. Yes: What is written in the law, how readest thou? Luke 10:26.
Q20. Are they our touchstone which we must try by?
A. Yes: If they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them, Isaiah 8:20.
Q21. Are they the weapons of our spiritual warfare?
A. Yes: Get thee hence, Satan, for it is written, Matthew 6:10; Ephesians 6:17.
Q22. Is the written word a sufficient rule?
A. Yes: For the law of the Lord is perfect, Psalm 19:7.
Q23. Is it plain?
A. Yes: For the word is nigh thee, Romans 10:8.
Q24. Is the church's authority the rule of our faith?
A. No: For our faith should not stand in the wisdom of men, 1 Corinthians 2:5.
Q25. May we depend upon unwritten traditions?
A. No: For we must refuse profane and old wives' fables, 1 Timothy 4:7.
Q26. Will the written word be the rule of our judgment hereafter?
A. Yes: For we must be judged by the law of liberty, James 2:12.
Q27. Ought we therefore to be ruled by it now?
A. Yes: As many as walk according to this rule, peace shall be on them, Galatians 6:16.
Q28. And to be comforted by it?
A. Yes: For through patience and comfort of the Scriptures we have hope, Romans 15:4.
Q29. Are the Scriptures to be translated into vulgar tongues?
A. Yes: For we should hear them speak in our tongues the wonderful works of God, Acts 2:11.
Q30. And must we study them?
A. Yes: Search the Scriptures, John 5:39.
Q31. And labour to understand them?
A. Yes: Understandest thou what thou readest? Acts 8:30.
Q32. And must we rest satisfied with this revelation of God's will?
A. Yes: For if we believe not Moses and the prophets, neither would we be persuaded though one rose from the dead, Luke 16:31.
Q33. Is it a great affront to God to neglect his word?
A. Yes: I have written unto them the great things of my law, but they were counted as a strange thing, Hosea 8:12.
Q34. Must little children get the knowledge of the Scripture?
A. Yes: Timothy is commended for this, that from a child he knew the Holy Scriptures, 2 Timothy 3:15.
Q35. And must their parents instruct them therein?
A. Yes: They must teach them diligently unto their children, and talk of them, Deuteronomy 6:7.
Q36. Must we all love the word of God?
A. Yes: O how love I thy law!
Q37. And must we meditate therein?
A. Yes: It is my meditation all the day, Psalm 119:97.
Q38. And will this be to our own advantage?
A. Yes: For it is able to make us wise to salvation, 2 Timothy 3:15.
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God as Creator
The nature and works of God as Creator and Sustainer
Q1. What is the chief end of man?
A. Man's chief end is to glorify God, and to enjoy him for ever.
Q2. What rule hath God given to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him?
A. The Word of God, which is contained in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, is the only rule to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him.
Q3. What do the Scriptures principally teach?
A. The Scriptures principally teach what man is to believe concerning God, and what duty God requires of man.
Q4. What is God?
A. God is a Spirit, infinite, eternal, and unchangeable in his being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness, and truth.
Q5. Are there more Gods than one?
A. There is but one only, the living and true God.
Q6. How many persons are there in the Godhead?
A. There are three persons in the Godhead; the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and these three are one God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory.
Q7. What are the decrees of God?
A. The decrees of God are, his eternal purpose, according to the counsel of his will, whereby, for his own glory, he hath foreordained whatsoever comes to pass.
Q8. How doth God execute his decrees?
A. God executeth his decrees in the works of creation and providence.
Q9. What is the work of creation?
A. The work of creation is, God's making all things of nothing, by the word of his power, in the space of six days, and all very good.
Q10. How did God create man?
A. God created man male and female, after his own image, in knowledge, righteousness, and holiness, with dominion over the creatures.
Q11. What are God's works of providence?
A. God's works of providence are, his most holy, wise, and powerful preserving and governing all his creatures, and all their actions.
Q12. What special act of providence did God exercise toward man in the estate wherein he was created?
A. When God had created man, he entered into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience; forbidding him to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon pain of death.
### 2. The Scriptures
Q-II: WHAT RULE HAS GOD GIVEN TO DIRECT US HOW WE MAY GLORIFY AND ENJOY HIM?
A: The Word of God, which is contained in the scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, is the only rule to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him.
2 Tim 3:16. ‘All Scripture is given by inspiration of God,' By Scripture is understood the sacred Book of God. It is given by divine inspiration; that is, the Scripture is not the contrivance of man's brain, but is divine in its origin. The image of Diana was had in veneration by the Ephesians, because they supposed it fell from Jupiter. Acts 19:95. The holy Scripture is to be highly reverenced and esteemed, because we are sure it came from heaven. 2 Pet 1:11. The two Testaments are the two lips by which God has spoken to us.
How does it appear that the Scriptures have a Jus Divinum, a divine authority stamped upon them?
Because the Old and New Testament are the foundation of all religion. If their divinity cannot be proved, the foundation on which we build our faith is gone. I shall therefore endeavour to prove this great truth, that the Scriptures are the very word of God. I wonder whence the Scriptures should come, if not from God. Bad men could not be the authors of it. Would their minds be employed in inditing such holy lines? Would they declare so fiercely against sin? Good men could not be the authors of it. Could they write in such a strain? or could it stand with their grace to counterfeit God's name, and put, Thus saith the Lord, to a book of their own devising? Nor could any angel in heaven be the author of it, because the angels pry and search into the abyss of gospel mysteries, I Pet 1:12, which implies their nescience of some parts of Scripture; and sure they cannot be the authors of that book which they themselves do not fully understand. Besides, what angel in heaven durst be so arrogant as to personate God and, say, ‘I create,' Isa 65:17, and, ‘I the Lord have said it,? Numb 14:45. So that it is evident, the pedigree of Scripture is sacred, and it could come from none but God himself.
Not to speak of the harmonious consent of all the parts of Scripture, there are seven cogent arguments which may evince it to be the Word of God.
[1] Its antiquity. It is of ancient standing. The grey hairs of Scripture make it venerable. No human histories extant reach further than Noah's flood: but the holy Scripture relates matters of fact that have been from the beginning of the world; it writes of things before time. That is a sure rule of Tertullian, ‘That which is of the greatest antiquity, id verum quod primum, is to be received as most sacred and authentic.'
[2] We may know the Scripture to be the Word of God by its miraculous preservation in all ages. The holy Scriptures are the richest jewel that Christ has left us; and the church of God has so kept these public records of heaven, that they have not been lost. The Word of God has never wanted enemies to oppose, and, if possible, to extirpate it. They have given out a law concerning Scripture, as Pharaoh did the midwives, concerning the Hebrew women's children, to strangle it in the birth; but God has preserved this blessed Book inviolable to this day. The devil and his agents have been blowing at Scripture light, but could never blow it out; a clear sign that it was lighted from heaven. Nor has the church of God, in all revolutions and changes, kept the Scripture that it should not be lost only, but that it should not be depraved. The letter of Scripture has been preserved, without any corruption, in the original tongue. The Scriptures were not corrupted before Christ's time, for then Christ would not have sent the Jews to them. He said, ‘Search the Scriptures.' He knew these sacred springs were not muddied with human fancies.
[3] The Scripture appears to be the Word of God, by the matter contained in it. The mystery of Scripture is so abstruse and profound that no man or angel could have known it, had it not been divinely revealed. That eternity should be born; that he who thunders in the heavens should cry in the cradle; that he who rules the stars should suck the breasts; that the Prince of Life should die; that the Lord of Glory should be put to shame; that sin should be punished to the full, yet pardoned to the full; who could ever have conceived of such a mystery, had not the Scripture revealed it to us? So, for the doctrine of the resurrection; that the same body which is crumbled into a thousand pieces, should rise idem numero, the same individual body, else it were a creation, not a resurrection. How could such a sacred riddle, above all human disquisition, be known, had not the Scripture made a discovery of it? As the matter of Scripture is so full of goodness, justice and sanctity, that it could be breathed from none but God; so the holiness of it shows it to be of God. Scripture is compared to silver refined seven times. Psa 12:2. The Book of God has no errata in it; it is a beam of the Sun of Righteousness, a crystal stream flowing from the fountain of life. All laws and edicts of men have had their corruptions, but the Word of God has not the least tincture, it is of meridian splendour. Psa 119:940. ‘Thy word is very pure,' like wine that comes from the grape, which is not mixed nor adulterated. It is so pure that it purifies everything else. John 17:17. ‘Sanctify them through thy truth.' The Scripture presses holiness, so as no other book ever did: it bids us live ‘soberly, righteously, and godly;' Titus 2:12; soberly, in acts of temperance; righteously, in acts of justice; godly, in acts of zeal and devotion. It commends to us, whatever is ‘just, lovely, and of good report.' Phil 4:4. This sword of the Spirit cuts down vice. Eph 6:67. Out of this tower of Scripture is thrown a millstone upon the head of sin. The Scripture is the royal law which commands not only the actions, but affections; it binds the heart to good behaviour. Where is there such holiness to be found, as is digged out of this sacred mine? Who could be the author of such a book but God himself?
[4] That the Scripture is the Word of God is evident by its predictions. It prophesies of things to come, which shows the voice of God speaking in it. It was foretold by the prophet, ‘A virgin shall conceive,' Isa 7:14, and, the ‘Messiah shall be cut off.' Dan 9:96. The Scripture foretells things that would fall out many ages and centuries after; as how long Israel should serve in the iron furnace, and the very day of their deliverance. Exod 12:2I. ‘At the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the self-same day, it came to pass that the host of the Lord went out of Egypt.' This prediction of future things, merely contingent, and not depending upon natural causes, is a clear demonstration of its divine origin.
[5] The impartiality of those men of God who wrote the Scriptures, who do not spare to set down their own failings. What man that writes a history would black his own face, by recording those things of himself that might stain his reputation? Moses records his own impatience when he struck the rock, and tells us, he could not on that account enter into the land of promise. David relates his own adultery and bloodshed, which stands as a blot in his escutcheon to succeeding ages. Peter relates his own pusillanimity in denying Christ. Jonah sets down his own passions, ‘I do well to be angry to the death.' Surely had their pen not been guided by God's own hand, they would never have written that which reflects dishonour upon themselves. Men usually rather hide their blemishes than publish them to the world; but the penmen of holy Scripture eclipse their own name; they take away all glory from themselves, and give the glory to God.
[6] The mighty power and efficacy that the Word has had upon the souls and consciences of men. It has changed their hearts. Some by reading Scripture have been turned into other men; they have been made holy and gracious. By reading other books the heart may be warmed, but by reading this book it is transformed. 2 Cor 3:3. ‘Ye are manifestly declared to be the epistle of Christ, written not with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God.' The Word was copied out into their hearts, and they were become Christ's epistle, so that others might read Christ in them. If you should set a seal upon marble, and it should make an impression upon the marble, and leave a print behind, there would be a strange virtue in that seal; so when the seal of the Word leaves a heavenly print of grace upon the heart, there must needs be a power going along with that Word no less than divine. It has comforted their hearts. When Christians have sat by the rivers weeping, the Word has dropped as honey, and sweetly revived them. A Christian's chief comfort is drawn out of these wells of salvation. Rom 15:5. ‘That we through comfort of the Scriptures might have hope.' When a poor soul has been ready to faint, it has had nothing to comfort it but a Scripture cordial. When it has been sick, the Word has revived it. 2 Cor 4:17. ‘Our light affliction, which is but for a moment, worketh for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory.' When it has been deserted, the Word has dropped in the golden oil of joy. Lam 3:3I. ‘The Lord will not cast off for ever.' He may change his providence, not his purpose; he may have the look of an enemy, but he has the heart of a father. Thus the Word has a power in it to comfort the heart. Psa 119:90. ‘This is my comfort in mine affliction; for thy word has quickened me.' As the spirits are conveyed through the arteries of the body, so divine comforts are conveyed through the promises of the Word. Now, the Scriptures having such an exhilarating, heart-comforting power in them, shows clearly that they are of God, and it is he that has put the milk of consolation into these breasts.
[7] The miracles by which Scripture is confirmed. Miracles were used by Moses, Elijah, and Christ, and were continued, many years after, by the apostles, to confirm the verity of the holy Scriptures. As props are set under weak vines, so these miracles were set under the weak faith of men, that if they would not believe the writings of the Word, they might believe the miracles. We read of God's dividing the waters, making a pathway in the sea for his people to go over, the iron swimming, the oil increasing by pouring out, Christ's making wine of water, his curing the blind, and raising the dead. Thus God has set a seal to the truth and divinity of the Scriptures by miracles.
The Papists cannot deny that the Scripture is divine and sacred; but they affirm quoad nos, with respect to us, it receives its divine authority from the church; and in proof of it they bring that Scripture, I Tim 3:15, where the church is said to be the ground and pillar of truth.
It is true, the church is the pillar of truth; but it does not therefore follow that the Scripture has its authority from the church. The king's proclamation is fixed on the pillar, the pillar holds it out, that all may read, but the proclamation does not receive its authority from the pillar, but from the king; so the church holds forth the Scriptures, but they do not receive their authority from the church, but from God. If the Word of God be divine, merely because the church holds it forth, then it will follow, that our faith is to be built upon the church, and not upon the Word, contrary to Eph 2:20. ‘Built upon the foundation (that is the doctrine) of the apostles and prophets.'
Are all the books in the Bible of the same divine authority?
Those which we call canonical.
Why are the Scriptures called canonical?
Because the Word is a rule of faith, a canon to direct our lives. The Word is the judge of controversies, the rock of infallibility. That only is to be received for truth which agrees with Scripture, as the transcript with the original. All maxims in divinity are to be brought to the touchstone of Scripture, as all measures are brought to the standard.
Are the Scriptures a complete rule?
The Scripture is a full and perfect canon, containing in it all things necessary to salvation. 2 Tim 3:15. ‘From a child thou hast known the holy Scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation.' It shows the Credenda, what we are to believe; and the Agenda, what we are to practise. It gives us an exact model of religion, and perfectly instincts us in the deep things of God. The Papists, therefore, make themselves guilty, who eke out Scripture with their traditions, which they consider equal to it. The Council of Trent says, that the traditions of the church of Rome are to be received pari pietatis affectu, with the same devotion that Scripture is to be received; so bringing themselves under the curse. Rev 22:18. ‘If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book.'
What is the main scope and end of Scripture?
To reveal a way of salvation. It makes a clear discovery of Christ. John 20:01: ‘These things are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, and that believing ye might have life through his name.' The design of the Word is to be a test whereby our grace is to be tried; a sea-mark to show us what rocks are to be avoided. The Word is to sublimate and quicken our affections; it is to be our directory and consolatory; it is to waft us over to the land of promise.
Who should have the power of interpreting Scripture?
The Papists assert that it is in the power of the church. If you ask whom they mean by the church, they say, The Pope, who is head of it, and he is infallible; so Bellarmine. But that assertion is false, because many of the Popes have been ignorant and vicious, as Platina affirms, who writes the lives of Popes. Pope Liberius was an Arian, and Pope John XII denied the immortality of the soul; therefore Popes are not fit interpreters of Scripture; who then?
The Scripture is to be its own interpreter, or rather the Spirit speaking in it. Nothing can cut the diamond but the diamond; nothing can interpret Scripture but Scripture. The sun best discovers itself by its own beams; the Scripture interprets itself to the understanding. But the question is concerning hard places of Scripture, where the weak Christian is ready to wade beyond his depth; who shall interpret here?
The church of God has appointed some to expound and interpret Scripture; therefore he has given gifts to men. The several pastors of churches, like bright constellations, give light to dark Scriptures. Mal 2:2. ‘The priest's lips should keep knowledge, and they should seek the law at his mouth.'
But this is to pin our faith upon men.
We are to receive nothing for truth but what is agreeable to the Word. As God has given to his ministers gifts for interpreting obscure places, so he has given to his people so much of the spirit of discerning, that they can tell (at least in things necessary to salvation) what is consonant to Scripture, and what is not. I Cor 12:20. ‘To one is given a spirit of prophecy, to another discerning of spirits.' God has endued his people with such a measure of wisdom and discretion, that they can discern between truth and error, and judge what is sound and what is spurious. Acts 17:7: ‘The Bereans searched the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so.' They weighed the doctrine they heard, whether it was agreeable to Scripture, though Paul and Silas were their teachers. 2 Tim 3:36.
Use one: See the wonderful goodness of God, who, besides the light of nature, has committed to us the sacred Scriptures, The heathen are enveloped in ignorance. Psa 147:70. ‘As for his judgements they have not known them.' They have the oracles of the Sibyls, but not the writings of Moses and the apostles. How many live in the region of death, where this bright star of Scripture never appeared! We have this blessed Book of God to resolve all our doubts, to point out a way of life to us. John 14:42. ‘Lord, how is it thou wilt manifest thyself unto us, and not unto the world?'
God having given us his written Word to be our directory takes away all excuses from men. No man can say, I went wrong for want of light; God has given thee his Word as a lamp to thy feet; therefore if thou goest wrong, thou cost it wilfully. No man can say, If I had known the will of God, I would have obeyed it; thou art inexcusable, O man, for God has given thee a rule to go by, he has written his law with his own finger; therefore, if thou obeyest not, thou hast no apology left. If a master leave his mind in writing with his servant, and tells him what work he will have done, and the servant neglects the work, that servant is left without excuse, John 15:52. ‘Now you have no cloak for your sins.'
Use two: Is all Scripture of divine inspiration? Then it reproves, (1.) The Papists, who take away part of Scripture, and so clip the King of heaven's coin. They expunge the second commandment out of their catechisms, because it makes against images; and it is usual with them, if they meet with anything in Scripture which they dislike, either to put a false gloss upon it, or, if that will not do, to pretend it is corrupted. They are like Ananias, who kept back part of the money. Acts 5:5. They keep back part of the Scripture from the people. It is a high affront to God to deface and obliterate any part of his Word, and brings us under that premunire, Rev 22:19, ‘If any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life.' Is all Scripture of divine inspiration? (2.) It condemns the Antinomians, who lay aside the Old Testament as useless, and out of date; and call those who adhere to them Old Testament Christians. God has stamped a divine majesty upon both Testaments; and till they can show me where God has repealed the Old, it stands in force. The two Testaments are the two wells of salvation; the Antinomians would stop up one of these wells, they would dry up one of the breasts of Scripture. There is much gospel in the Old Testament. The comforts of the gospel in the New Testament have their rise from the Old. The great promise of the Messiah is in the Old Testament, ‘A virgin shall conceive and bear a son.' Nay, I say more. The moral law, in some parts of it, speaks gospel - ‘I am the Lord thy God;' here is the pure wine of the gospel. The saints' great charter, where God promises to ‘sprinkle clean water upon them, and put his Spirit within them,' is to be found primarily in the Old Testament. Ezek 36:65, 26. So that they who take away the Old Testament, as Samson pulled down the pillars, would take away the pillars of a Christian's comfort. (3.) It condemns the Enthusiasts, who, pretending to have the Spirit, lay aside the whole Bible, and say the Scripture is a dead letter, and they live above it. What impudence is this! Till we are above sin, we shall not be above Scripture. Let not men so talk of a revelation from the Spirit, but suspect it to be an imposture. The Spirit of God acts regularly, it works in and by the Word; and he that pretends to a new light, which is either above the Word, or contrary to it, abuses both himself and the Spirit: his light is borrowed from him who transforms himself into an angel of light. (4.) It condemns the slighters of Scripture; such as those who can go whole weeks and months and never read the Word. They lay it aside as rusty armour; they prefer a play or romance before Scripture. The magnalia legis are to them minutula [The weighty matters of the law are to them insignificant]. Oh how many can be looking at their faces in a glass all the morning, but their eyes begin to be sore when they look upon a Bible! Heathens die for want of Scripture, and these in contempt of it. They surely must needs go wrong who slight their guide. Such as lay the reins upon the neck of their lusts, and never use the curbing bit of Scripture to check them, are carried to hell, and never stop. (5.) It condemns the abusers of Scripture. Those who mud and poison this pure crystal fountain with their corrupt glosses, and who wrest Scripture. 2 Pet 3:16. The Greek word is, they set it upon the rack; they give wrong interpretations of it, not comparing Scripture with Scripture; as the Antinomians pervert that Scripture, Numb 23:3I, ‘He has not beheld iniquity in Jacob;' from which they infer that God's people may take liberty in sin, because God sees no sin in them. It is true, God sees no sin in his people with an eye of revenge, but he sees it with an eye of observation. He sees not sin in them, so as to damn them; but he sees it, so as to be angry, and severely to punish them. Did not David find it so, when he cried out of his broken bones? In like manner the Arminians wrest the Scripture in John 5:50, 'Ye will not come to me;' where they bring in free will. This text shows how willing God is that we should have life; and that sinners may do more than they do, they may improve the talents God has given them; but it does not prove the power of free will, for it is contrary to that Scripture, John 6:64, 'No man can come to me, except the Father which has sent me draw him.' These, therefore, wring the text so hard, that they make the blood come out; they do not compare Scripture with Scripture. Some jest with Scripture. When they are sad, they take the Scripture as their lute or minstrel to play upon, and so drive away the sad spirit; as a drunkard I have read of, who, having drunk off his cups, called to some of his fellows, ‘Give us of your oil, for our lamps are gone out.' In the fear of God, take heed of this. Eusebius tells us of one, who took a piece of Scripture to make a jest of, but was presently struck with a frenzy and ran mad. It is a saying of Luther, Quos Deus vult perdere, &c.' ‘Whom God intends to destroy, he gives them leave to play with Scripture.'
Use three: If the Scripture be of divine inspiration, then be exhorted, (1.) To study the Scripture. It is a copy of God's will. Be Scripture-men, Bible-Christians. ‘I adore the fulness of Scripture,' says Tertullian. In the Book of God are scattered many truths as so many pearls. John 5:59. ‘Search the Scriptures.' Search as for a vein of silver. This blessed Book will fill your head with knowledge, and your heart with grace. God wrote the two tables with his own fingers; and if he took pains to write, well may we take pains to read. Apollos was mighty in the Scriptures. Acts 18:84. The Word is our Magna Charta for Heaven; shall we be ignorant of our charter? Col 3:16. ‘Let the word of God dwell in you richly.' The memory must be a tablebook where the Word is written. There is majesty sparkling in every line of Scripture; take but one instance, Isa 63:1: ‘Who is this that cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? This that is glorious in his apparel, travelling in the greatness of his strength? I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save.' Here is a lofty, magnificent style. What angel could speak after this manner? Junius was converted by reading one verse of John; he beheld a majesty in it beyond all human rhetoric. There is a melody in Scripture. This is that blessed harp which drives away sadness of spirit. Hear the sounding of this harp a little. I Tim 1:15. ‘This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners;' he took not only our flesh upon him but our sins. And 1. ‘Come unto me, all ye that are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.' How sweetly does this harp of Scripture sound, what heavenly music does it make in the ears of a distressed sinner, especially when the finger of God's Spirit touches this instrument! There is divinity in Scripture. It contains the marrow and quintessence of religion. It is a rock of diamonds, a mystery of piety. The lips of Scripture have grace poured into them. The Scripture speaks of faith, self-denial, and all the graces which, as a chain of pearls, adorns a Christian. It excites to holiness; it treats of another world, it gives a prospect of eternity! Oh, then, search the Scripture! make the Word familiar to you. Had I the tongue of angels, I could not sufficiently set forth the excellency of Scripture. It is a spiritual optic-glass, in which we behold God's glory; it is the tree of life, the oracle of wisdom, the rule of manners, the heavenly seed of which the new creature is formed. James 1:18. ‘The two Testaments,' says Austin, ‘are the two breasts which every Christian must suck, that he may get spiritual nourishment.' The leaves of the tree of life were for healing. Rev 22:2. So these holy leaves of Scripture are for the healing of our souls. The Scripture is profitable for all things. If we are deserted, here is spiced wine that cheers the heavy heart; if we are pursued by Satan, here is the sword of the Spirit to resist him; if we are diseased with sin's leprosy, here are the waters of the sanctuary, both to cleanse and cure. Oh, then, search the Scriptures! There is no danger in tasting this tree of knowledge. There was a penalty laid at first, that we might not taste of the tree of knowledge. Gen 2:27. ‘In the day that thou eatest thereof, thou shalt surely die.' There is no danger in plucking from this tree of holy Scripture; if we do not eat of this tree of knowledge, we shall surely die. Oh, then, read the Scriptures! Time may come when the Scriptures may be kept from us.
Read the Bible with reverence. Think in every line you read that God is speaking to you. The ark wherein the law was put was overlaid with pure gold, and was carried on bars, that the Levites might not touch it. Exod 25:14. Why was this, but to give reverence to the law? Read with seriousness. It is matter of life and death; by this Word you must be tried; conscience and Scripture are the jury God will proceed by, in judging you. Read the Word with affection. Get your hearts quickened with the Word; go to it to fetch fire. Luke 24:42. ‘Did not our hearts burn within us?' Labour that the Word may not only be a lamp to direct, but a fire to warm. Read the Scripture, not only as a history, but as a love letter sent you from God, which may affect your hearts. Pray that the same Spirit that wrote the Word may assist you in reading it; that God's Spirit would show you the wonderful things of his law. ‘Go near,' saith God to Philip, ‘join thyself to this chariot.' Acts 8:89. So, when God's Spirit joins himself with the chariot of his Word, it becomes effectual.
(2.) Be exhorted to prize the written Word. Job 23:12. David valued the Word more than gold. What would the martyrs have given for a leaf of the Bible! The Word is the field where Christ the pearl of price is hid. In this sacred mine we dig, not for a wedge of gold, but for a weight of glory. The Scripture is a sacred collyrium, or eye-salve to illuminate us. Prov 6:63. ‘The commandment is a lamp, and the law is light.' The Scripture is the chart and compass by which we sail to the new Jerusalem. It is a sovereign cordial in all distresses. What are the promises but the water of life to renew fainting spirits? Is it sin that troubles? Here is a Scripture cordial. Psa 65:5. ‘Iniquities prevail against me; as for our transgressions thou shalt purge them away;' or, as it is in the Hebrew, ‘thou shalt cover them.' Do outward afflictions disquiet thee? Here is a Scripture cordial. Psa 91:15. ‘I will be with him in trouble,' not only to behold, but to uphold. Thus, as in the ark manna was laid up, so promises are laid up in the ark of Scripture. The Scripture will make us wise. Wisdom is above rubies. Psa 119:904. ‘By thy precepts I get understanding.' What made Eve desire the tree of knowledge? Gen 3:3. ‘It was a tree to make one wise.' The Scriptures teach a man to know himself. They discover Satan's snares and stratagems. 2 Cor 2:2: ‘They make one wise to salvation.' 2 Tim 3:35. Oh, then, highly prize the Scriptures. I have read of Queen Elizabeth, that at her coronation, she received the Bible presented to her, with both her hands, and kissing it, laid it to her breast, saying, that that book had ever been her chief delight.
(3.) If the Scripture is of divine inspiration, believe it. The Romans, that they might gain credit to their laws, reported they were inspired by the gods of Rome. Oh give credence to the Word! It is breathed from God's own mouth. Hence arises the profaneness of men, that they do not believe the Scripture. Isa 53:3: ‘Who has believed our report?' Did you believe the glorious rewards the Scripture speaks of, would you not give diligence to make your election sure? Did you believe the infernal torments the Scripture speaks of, would it not put you into a cold sweat, and cause a trembling at heart for sin? But people are in part atheists, they give but little credit to the Word, therefore they are so impious, and draw such dark shadows in their lives. Learn to realise Scripture, get your hearts wrought to a firm belief of it. Some think, if God should send an angel from heaven, and declare his mind, they would believe him; or, if he should send one from the damned, and preach the torments of hell all in flames, they would believe. But, ‘If they believe not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one arose from the dead.' Luke 16:61. God is wise, and he thinks the fittest way to make his mind known to us is by writing; and such as shall not be convinced by the Word, shall be judged by the Word. The belief of Scripture is of high importance. It will enable us to resist temptation. I John 2:14. ‘The Word of God abideth in you, and ye have overcome the wicked one.' It conduceth much to our sanctification; therefore sanctification of the Spirit, and belief of the truth, are put together. 2 Thess 2:13. If the word written be not believed, it is like writing on water, which makes no impression.
(4.) Love the Word written. Psa 119:97. ‘Oh how love I thy law!' ‘Lord,' said Augustine, ‘let the holy Scriptures be my chaste delight.' Chrysostom compares the Scripture to a garden, every truth is a fragrant flower, which we should wear, not on our bosom, but in our heart. David counted the Word ‘sweeter than honey and the honeycomb.' Psa 19:10. There is that in Scripture which may breed delight. It shows us the way to riches: Deut 28:8, Prov 3:30; to long life, Psa 34:42; to a kingdom, Heb 12:28. Well then may we count those the sweetest hours which are spent in reading the holy Scriptures; well may we say with the prophet, Jer 15:16, ‘Thy words were found, and I did eat them; and they were the joy and rejoicing of my heart.'
(5.) Conform to Scripture. Let us lead Scripture lives. Oh that the Bible might be seen printed in our lives! Do what the Word commands. Obedience is an excellent way of commenting upon the Bible. Psa 86:6: ‘I will walk in thy truth.' Let the Word be the sun-dial by which you set your life. What are we the better for having the Scripture, if we do not direct all our speeches and actions according to it? What is a carpenter the better for his rule about him, if he sticks it at his back, and never makes use of it for measuring and squaring his work? So, what are we the better for the rule of the Word, if we do not make use of it, and regulate our lives by it? How many swerve and deviate from the rule! The Word teaches to be sober and temperate, but they are drunk; to be chaste and holy, but they are profane; they go quite from the rule! What a dishonour is it to religion, for men to live in contradiction to Scripture! The Word is called a ‘light to our feet.' Psa 119:105. It is not only a light to our eyes to mend our sight, but to our feet to mend our walk. Oh let us lead Bible conversations!
(6.) Contend for Scripture. Though we should not be of contentious spirits, yet we ought to contend for the Word of God. This jewel is too precious to be parted with. Prov 4:13. ‘Keep her, for she is thy life.' The Scripture is beset with enemies; heretics fight against it, we must therefore ‘contend for the faith once delivered to the saints.' Jude 3. The Scripture is our book of evidences for heaven; shall we part with our evidences? The saints of old were both advocates and martyrs for truth; they would hold fast Scripture, though it were with the loss of their lives.
(7.) Be thankful to God for the Scriptures. What a mercy is it that God has not only acquainted us what his will is, but that he has made it known by writing! In the old times God revealed his mind by visions, but the Word written is a surer way of knowing God's mind. 2 Pet 1:18. ‘This voice which came from heaven we heard, we have also a more sure word of prophecy.' The devil is God's ape, and he can transform himself into an angel of light; he can deceive with false revelations; as I have heard of one who had, as he thought, a revelation from God to sacrifice his child, as Abraham had; whereupon, following this impulse of the devil, he killed his child. Thus Satan deceives people with delusion, instead of divine revelations; therefore we are to be thankful to God for revealing his mind to us by writing. We are not left in doubtful suspense that we should not know what to believe, but we have an infallible rule to go by. The Scripture is our pole-star to direct us to heaven, it shows us every step we are to take; when we go wrong, it instructs us; when we go right, it comforts us; and it is matter of thankfulness, that the Scriptures are made intelligible, by being translated.
(8.) Adore God's distinguishing grace, if you have felt the power and authority of the Word upon your conscience; if you can say as David, Psa 119:90, 'Thy word has quickened me.' Christian, bless God that he has not only given thee his Word to be a rule of holiness, but his grace to be a principle of holiness. Bless God that he has not only written his Word, but sealed it upon thy heart, and made it effectual. Canst thou say it is of divine inspiration, because thou hast felt it to be of lively operation? Oh free grace! that God should send out his Word, and heal thee; that he should heal thee, and not others! That the same Scripture which to them is a dead letter, should be to thee a savour of life!