This Section teaches —

1st. That God has made the fact absolutely certain that there will be a future judgment, in order that this knowledge may act upon all men as a wholesome motive deterring them from sin, and, at the same time, that it may console the godly in the midst of their adversity. With reference to i\iQ first object, Paul says, " We must all appear before the judgment-seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad. Knowing, therefore, the terror of the Lord, we persuade men." 2 Cor. V. 10, 11. And Peter says, ^'Seeing, then, that all these things shall be dissolved, what manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy conversation and godliness, looking for and hastening unto the coming of the day of God?" 2 Pet. iii. 12. With reference to the second object, Paul says, " Seeing it is a righteous thing with God to recompense tribulation to them that trouble you ; and to you that are troubled, rest with us, when the liord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels." 2 Thess. i. 7.

2d. That on the other hand, God has left us in absolute uncertainty with respect to the time at which thi? great event shall occur, in order to prevent carnal security and to keep his people ever on the alert and constantly prepared. That the time is intentionally left unknown is expressly ajfifirmed again and again in Scripture: '^But of that day and that hour knoweth no man ; no, not the angels which are in heaven, neither the Son, but the Father." Mark xiii. 32; Matt. xxiv. 36. " Be ye, therefore, ready also ; for the Son of man cometh at an hour when ye think not." Luke xii. 40. " It is not for you to know the times or the seasons which the Father has put in his own power." Acts i. 7. " The day of the Lord cometh as a thief in the night." 1 Thess. i. 2; 2 Pet. iii. 10. "Behold I come as a thief. Blessed is he that watch eth and keepeth his garments." Kev. xvi. 15.

The designed effect of the attitude of uncertainty with regard to the time of the second advent and general judgment in which the saints are placed is, that they should regard it as always immediately impending; that they should look forward to it with solemn awe, and yet with joyful confidence; and hence in view of it, be incited to the performance of duty and the attainment of holiness, and comforted in sorrow. Phil. iii. 20; Col. iii. 4, 5 ; James v. 7. It is their duty also to love, watehy wait for and hasten unto the coming of our Lord. Luke xii. 35-37 ; 1 Cor. i. 7, 8 ; 1 Thess. i. 9, 10; 2 Tin:, iv. 8; 2 Pet. iii. 12; Rev. xxii. 20.

The day of the eternal judgment is fixed in the counsels of God; but, that we may be kept habitually watchful, the knowledge of that day is wisely concealed from us. Though a long series of ages may elapse before Christ shall come in the clouds of heaven to jvidge the world, let every one remember that the day of his own death is equally important to him as the day of the universal judgment ; for where death leaves him, judgment will find him. Let him, therefore, " be dili- "gent, that he may be found of God in peace, without spot and blameless." Let every reader study to improve the talents

with which he is intrusted, and be solicitous to obtain the approbation of his Master in heaven. How highly will he commend all those who have been diligent and faithful in his service ! He will bestow upon them that best of plaudits : " Well done, good and faithful servant;" and will introduce them into " the joy of their Lord." AVell may the genuine believer " love the appearing" of Christ; for when Christ shall appear, he also shall appear with him in glory. And since Christ proclaims in his Word, " Surely I come quickly," let every Christian joyfully respond, " Amen. Even so, come Lord Jesus."

THE END.

INDEX.

Absolute, decrees of God are, 45.

Adam, covenant of works made with him, 85 ; represented all his

, natural posterity, 86; effects of his fall upon himself and his posterity, 75-81.

Adoption, meaning of the term, 138; difference between spiritual and human, ib.; flows from the grace of God, 139; the mediation of Christ the meritorious cause of, ib. ; the privileges enjoyed by, 139, 140.

Anabaptists, the German, their principles, 241, 277.

Anthropomorphites, their heresy, 26.

Antinomians, their doctrinerespecting justification, 135; respecting sanctification, 142, 144.

Antipaedobaptists opposed to infant baptism, 287.

Antitrinitarians, their doctrine considered, 36.

Apocryphal books, why i-ejected by Protestants, 9.

Arians, their heresy, 40, 97.

Arminians, Doctrine of, respecting the divine decrees, 45, 49 ; respecting election, 50-52; respectmg the atonement of Christ, 55; respecting original sin, 77; respecting the federal headship of Adam, 86; respecting the extent of Christ's death, 112; respecting free-will, 115; respecting the office of faith in justification, 128, 131; respecting the perseverance of the saints, 172; respecting assurance of salvation, 182.

Ascension of Christ, 106.

Assurance, difference between that of faith and that of sense, 151-153, 190; of grace and salvation attainable in this life, 182; upon what it is founded, 184; not the attainment of all believers, 190.

Atonement of Christ, the extent of, in regard to its objects, 112-114.

Attributes of God, 27-35.

Authenticity of the Scriptures, 8.

Baptism, instituted by Christ, 283, 284; the ends of, 284, 285; water the outward element, what it represents, 285 ; to be administered in the name of the Trinity, ib. ; who may administer, 286; the mode of administering, ib. ; infant baptism vindicated, 287-290;

I not absolutely necessary to salvation, yet not to be neglected

328 INDEX.

291; not regeneration, ib.; its efficacy, ib.; only administered once, 292; the naming of the person baptized not essential, ib.; how to be improved, ib.

Canon of Scripture, 8.

Censures, Church, what, 306 ; their use, ib.

Christ, the Lord Jesus, is a divine person, 40, 41 ; the mediator between God and man, 95 ; appointed to his office from all eternity by God the Father, ib. ; a people given to him to be his seed, 96 ; pre-existence of, 97 ; the eternal Son of God, 98 ; took upon him man's nature, 99 ; was conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb of the Virgin Mary, 100; the Godhead and manhood inseparably united in his person, ib. ; fully qualified for his work, 101; the surety of his people, 102; made under the law, 104; suffered both in soul and body, ib. ; was crucified, and died, 105; was bm-ied, ib.; rose from the dead, 106; ascended into heaven, ib.; sitteth at the right hand of God, 107; maketh intercession for his people, ib.; will return to judge the world, 108, 322; the alone head of the Church, 267.

Christian liberty. See Liberty.

Christian perfection, not attainable in this life, 81.

Church, meaning of the term, 259 ; the object of God's special providence, 72; the epithets visible, invisible, and catholic, explained, 259-262; the invisible, 262; the visible, 263; children of professing Christians 'members of, 264 ; no ordinary possibility of salvation out of the visible, 265 ; sometimes more, sometimes less visible, 266 ; the purest subject to mixture and error, ib, ; its perpetuity, 267; Christ her sole head, 267-271.

Church censures. See Censures.

Church, Government of the, a particular form appointed by Christ, 302; different forms stated, 303; is lodged in the hand of Church officers, distinct from the civil magistrate, ib.

Communion of saints with Jesus Christ, 273; does not involve an equality with Christ, 278; of saints with one another, 274; of saints by profession, 274-277 ; does not infringe upon the rights of private property, 278.

Confession of Faith, vindicated from the charge of intolerance, 210-212.

Confession of sin to be made in private to God, 160; when to be made to man, 161 ; Popish doctrine of, ib.

Conscience. See Liberty of Conscience.

Consubstantiation, Lutheran doctrine of, 300.

Corruption of nature, what, 75, 76 ; conveyed to all the posterity of Adam, 77-79 ; remains during this life in the regenerate, 81 ; all its motions, even in the regenerated, are truly sin, 82.

Councils, or Synods, ought to be, 307; how convened, 308; what power they have, 310; not infallible, 311; their determinations are to be tried by the Scriptures, 22; how far they may intermeddle with civil affairs, 311.

Covenant of works, made with Adam in his state of innocence, 85;

in it Adam represented all his natural posterity, 86. ^Covenant of grace, one and the same with the covenant of redemption, 88, 89 ; made with Christ as the representative of his spiritual seed, 89; origmated in the free grace of God, 90; established from eternity, ib. ; in it God requires of sinners faith in Christ,

INDEX. 829

91; designated a testament, 92; the same under various dispensations, but differently administered, 93, 94. Death of Christ, 105; extent of, with respect to its objects, 112-114;

efl&cacy of, extends to all ages. 111. Death, temporal, the penalty of sin, 83; universality of, 312; difference between that of the righteous and that of the -wicked, 313; reasons why the saints are subjected to it, 313, 314; the effects of it on the body, 314; the soul survives it, ib.; the souls of the righteous immediately after it are admitted into heaven, 315; the souls of the wicked are at death cast into hell, 317. Decrees of God, 43; extent and properties of, 44-46; consistent with

human liberty, 46, 47. Divinity of Christ, 40; of the Holy Ghost, 41. Divorce, grounds of, 257.

Effectual Calling, 119; the subjects of, 120; effected by the Word

and Spirit, ib. ; flows from the free grace of God, 122; is under

the direction of his sovereign will as to the time and manner, 120.

Elect chosen in Christ, 52; Christ died and purchased redemption

for them alone, 55; who die in infancy, how saved, 122. Election, 48 ; opinions of Arminians and Socinians concerning, 49 ; respects a definite number, 50; from eternity, ib.; from the sovereign will of God, 51; is immutable, 52; not only to glory, but also to the means thereof, 53; knowledge of, how to be attained, 59. Erastians, their principles, 245, 268, 303, 305. Eternity of God, 29.

Faith the alone instrument of justification, 130-133; saving, differs from every other kind, 146; is the work of the Holy Spirit, 147; ordinarily wrought by the ministry of the Word, ib. ; object of, 148; principal actsof, 149; assurance of, 151-153; good works are fruits and evidences of, 164. Faithfulness of God, 35. Fall of man, 73-75; consequences of, 75-80. Family worship, a duty, 226. Fasting, solemn, a part of religious worship, 225. Free-will, wherein it consists, 115; man's inability, in his fallen

state, to will or do that which is spiritually good, 117, 118. God, his existence, and a number of his perfections may be discovered by the light of nature, 1-4; the rniity of, 24; the only living and true God, 25, 26 ; a most pure spirit, 26 ; perfections of, 27 ; infinite, ib. ; self-existent and independent, 28 ; the fountain of all being, ib.; eternal, 29; immutable, ib. ; all- knowing, 30; most free and most absolute, ib. ; infinitely wise, 31 ; infinitely powerful, ib. ; infinitely holy, 32; infinitely just, 33; infinitely good, 34; mfinitely true and faithTul, 35. Godhead, the three persons in, 38.

Goodwoi'ks, what, 162, 163; their important uses, 164, 165; ability to perform them is whoUy from the Spirit of Christ, 166; not meritorious of pardon of sin or eternal life, 168; accepted of God through Christ, 169. Gospel call indefinite and universal, 119. Head of the Church, Christ is the only, 267-271. Holiness of God, 32.

Holy Spirit, the inward illumination of the, necessary to the saving understanding of the things of God, 18; speaking in the Scripture,

330 INDEX.

is the supreme judge by which controversies in religion are to be determined, 22; his divinity proved, 41,42; his operations in effectual calling invincible, 121.

Imputation of the guilt of Adam's first sin to all his posterity, 79-81 ; of the guilt of his people to Christ, 103.

Independents, their opinion concerning a visible Church, 263; concerning the authority of synods, 310.

Intercession of Christ, 107.

Judgment, the last, the certainty of, 320-322; the Judge, 322; the parties, 323; the matter to be tried, ib. ; the sentences pronounced, 324 ; the time fixed in the counsels of Grod, but wisely concealed from us, ib.

Justice of God, 33; fully satisfied by the obedience and sacrifice of Christ, 109, 133.

Justification, importance of the doctrine of, 125; meaning of the term, ib. ; what it includes, 126; not by our own works, ib. ; solely on the ground of the righteousness of Christ, 129; office of faith in, 130-133; by grace, 134; an irrevocable act, 135; the same under the Old Testament as under the New, 136; difference between it and sanctification, 142.

Keys of the kingdom of heaven, what, 305 ; committed to Church ofl&cers, ib. ; the civil magistrate may not assume the power of, 247.

Knowledge of God, 31.

Law, the ceremonial, what, 196; abrogated tmder the New Testament, ib.

Law, the judicial, what, 197; how far it is abolished, ib.

Law, the moral, what, 192, 197; Adam was placed under it, 192; promulgated from Mount Sinai, 194, 195; believers delivered from it in its covenant form, but still under its obligation as a rule of life, 197-199; use of it to the unregenerate, 199; use of it to the regenerate, ib.

Liberty, Christian, wherein it consists, 200-203 ; wherein it is enlarged under the New Testament, 204; not absolute and uncontrollable, 209-212.

Liberty of conscience, wherein it consists, and what opposed to it, 205-207.

Light of nature, discovers the being and a number of the perfections of God, 1-4 ; the knowledge of God attainable by it serves various useful purposes, 4; insufl&cient to give fallen man that knowledge of God and of his will which is necessary to salvation, ib.

Lord's supper, by Avhom, and at what time, instituted, 293 ; a standing ordinance, 294 ; its ends and uses, 294, 295 ; how to be administered, 299; who may partake, 301.

Magistrate, the civil, the obedience due to him is limited, 207; Christians may lawfully accept of the ofiice, 243; may wage war upon just and necessary occasions, 244; his power in regard to Church affairs stated, 245-251 ; the duty of sul>jects towards, 251 ; Infidelity or difference in religion does not make void his just and lawful authority, 252; ecclesiastical persons not exempted from -due obedience to him, ib. ; the Pope has no jurisdiction over him or his subjects, 253.

Magistracy is the ordinance of God, 242; for what end appointed, 243.

INDEX. 331

Man, his original state, 63; his fall, 73-75; his inability to will or do that which is spiritually good, 117.

Marriage, the end of it, 254 ; lawful to all s jrts of persons capable of giving their consent, 255 ; and not mihin the degrees of consanguinity or afiinity forbidden in the Scriptures, 257; can only be dissolved for adultery, or wilful and obstinate desertion, 257, 258.

Oath, an, the nature of, 236; may be warrantably taken, 237; to be taken only in the name of God, ib. ; when lawful, binds to performance, 238.

Pelagians, then- opinion respecting original sin, 77; respecting the federal headship of Adam, 86; respecting man's ability in his fallen state, 117.

Perseverance of the saints, different opinions respecting, 172; explained, 173-177; argimients by which it is supported, 177-180; not unfavom-able to holiness, 180.

Polygamy unlawful, 254.

Popery, See Rome, Church of.

Power of God, how displayed, 31.

Prayer, the duty of all men, 218, 219 ; the rule of, 220; to be made in the name of Christ, ib. ; by the help of the Spirit, ib. ; to be

, offered up in a right manner, ib.; in a known tongue, 221; for whom it is to be made, ib.

Preaching of the Word, a divine ordinance, 223.

Pre-existence of Jesus Christ, 97.

Predestination, 48 ; a high mystery, and how to be handled, 58, 59.

Providence, proof of a, 65; what it includes, 66; extent of, ib. ; either ordmary or miraculous, 69 ; how concerned about sinful actions, 70; in a special manner exercised about the Church, 72.

Public worshij), a duty, 227.

Quakers, their opinion as to swearing an oath, 237; as to war, 242; as to baptism, 284.

Reading of the Scriptures, a part of religious worship, 223.

Reconciliation to God, the effect of Christ's mediation, 110.

Redemption, for whom purchased, 55 ; to whom applied, 56.

Repentance, Nature of evangelical, 154-157; not the cause of the pardon of sin, 158; inseparably connected with pardon, ib.

Reprobation, 57, 58.

Resm-rection of Christ, 106.

Resurrection of the dead, its universality, 317; that of the saints is established by the resurrection of Christ, ib., identity of our bodies, ib.

Revelation of the will of God granted to the Church, 5 ; committed to writing, 6 ; no new revelation of the Spirit to be added to the Word of God, 16.

Righteousness of Christ imputed to believers for their justification, 129.

Rome, Church of, reckons the Apocryphal books of equal authority vn.th. the Scriptures, 7; maintains that the authority of the Scriptures is derived from the Church, 13; adds the traditions of men to the Word of God, 17; forbids the translation of the Scriptures into the vulgar languages, 21 ; maintains the infallibility of the Church, 22, 266; that Christ is mediator only as man. 111; confounds justification with sanctification, 125; rejects the doctrine

232 INDEX

of the imputation of Christ's righteousness, 129; represents saving faith as nothing more than a bare naked assent to the truth, 149; distinguishes between mortal and venial sins, 159; teaches the necessity of auricular confession of sias to a priest, 161; holds that a good intention renders actions good, 163; that saints may perform works of supererogation, 167; that their good works are meritorious, 168; denies the perseverance of the saints, 172; the possibility of attaining more than a conjectural persuasion of salvation, in this life, 182; teaches that the Pope may enact laws which bind the conscience, 205 ; worships angels and saints, 215; joins them with Christ as mediators of intercession, 217; offers prayers and masses for departed souls, 222; holds the detestable principle, that " faith is not to be kept wdth heretics," 238 ; exempts ecclesiastical persons from the jurisdiction of the civil magistrate, 252; foroids the marriage of the clergy, 255; maintains that the Catholic Church is absolutely visible, 262; afl&rms that the Roman Catholic iS the only Church, 265; that the Pope of Rome is the head of the universal Church, 268 ; that the intention of the administrator is essential to a sacrament, and that, when rightly administered, the sacraments are of themselves effectual to confer grace, 281; has added five spurious sacraments, 282; permits baptism to be dispensed by laymen and women, 286 ; holds transubstantiation, 297 ; the sacrifice of the mass, 298; and purgatory, 315. Sabbath, the, its morality, 229-231 ; change from the seventh to the

first day of the week, 231, 232; how to be sanctified, 233. Sacraments, meaning of the term, 279 ; the institution, nature, and ends of them, 280; their parts, ib. ; how rendered effectual, 281, 282; only two of divine institution, 282; those of the Old Testament substantially the same with those of the New, 283. Saints, perseverance of the. See Perseverance. Sanctification, meaning of the term, 142; difference between it and justification, ib; both a privilege and a duty, 143; considered as initial and progressive, ib. ; extends to the whole man, ib. ; imperfect in this life, 144; indispensably necessary, 145; perfected at death, 316. Scriptures, the Holy, why necessary, 6; the true canon of, 7; their authenticity and genuineness, how ascertained, 8, 9; inspiration of, 10; evidences of their inspiration, 13, 14; their perfection, 15, 16; their perspicuity, 18; originally written in Hebrew and Greek, 20 ; have come do-\vn to us uncorrupted, ib. ; should be translated into the vulgar languages, 21 ; the infallible rule of interpretation of, is the Scripture itself, ib. ; are the supreme standard of religious truth, 22. Secret prayer a duty, 227. Sin, of original, 77; wherein it consists, 77-81; the desert of, 82,83;

the least, deserves damnation, 159. Singing of psalms, a part of religious worship, 224. Socinians, the opinion of, respecting the supreme standard of religious truth, 22; respecting Jesus Christ, 40, 97; respecting the ~ Holy Spirit, 41; respecting the divine decrees, 45; respecting election, 49, 50; respecting original sin, 77; respectmg temporal death, 83; respecting the federal headship of Adam, 86; respecting justification, 126; respecting the atonement of Christ, 133, 158; respecting the sacraments, 280.

INDEX. 333

SonsWp of Christ, remarks concerning the, 88.

Supererogation, Roman Catholic doctrine regarding works of, 167.

Supper, the Lord's. See Lord's Supper.

Surety, what, 102; of his spmtual seed Christ is the, 102, 103.

Thanksgiring, solemn, a part of religious worship, 225.

Traditions of men, not to be added to the Word of God, 17.

Transubstantiation, doctrine of, explained, 297 ; refuted, ib.

Trinity, meaning of the term, 36 ; the doctrine confirmed, 38 ; personal properties of the sacred Three, 39; each of the sacred Three is truly God, 40.

Unchangeableness of God, 29.

Union of samts to Jesus Christ, 272; of saints to one another, 273; of saints by profession, 274.

Vow, a, what, 239; when lawful, ib.: has an intrinsic obliaration, 240.

Wisdom of God, 31.

Witnessing of the Spirit, 186-189.

Word of God, why the Holy Scripture is so called, 10. See Scriptures.

Works, our own, not the ground of our justification before God, 127; those of unregenerate men cannot please God, 170. See . Good Works.

World, had a beginning, 60 ; created by God, 61 ; in six days, ib. j very good, 62; for his own gloiy, ib.

Worship, religious, wherein it consists, 213; viewed as external and internal, ib.; must be regulated by divine institution, ib.; of images unlawful, ib.; God the alone object of, 214; not angels, nor departed samts, 215; nor relics, 216; only acceptable through the mediation of Christ, 217; the several parts of, 218-225; time appointed for, 228; not confined to^ny place, 225.

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IL

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2. Sudden Conversions.

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XL

MISCELLANEOUS Writings, chiefly Historical. By the late Thomas M'Crie, D.D., Edinburgh. Edited, with Notes, by his Son. Demy 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d. Containing —

Biographies.

1. Life of Alexander Henderson,

2. Patrick Hamilton.

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