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215 results for “Sin and Human Nature”
WCF
Westminster Confession of Faith
62
Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment thereof
They being the root of all mankind, the guilt of this sin was imputed, and the same death …
Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment thereof
This corruption of nature, during this life, doth remain in those that are regenerated; and although it be, …
Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment thereof
Every sin, both original and actual, being a transgression of the righteous law of God, and contrary thereunto, …
Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment thereof
Our first parents, being seduced by the subtilty and temptation of Satan, sinned, in eating the forbidden fruit. …
Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment thereof
By this sin they fell from their original righteousness and communion, with God, and so became dead in …
Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment thereof
From this original corruption, whereby we are utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite to all good, and wholly …
Of the Law of God
Although true believers be not under the law, as a covenant of works, to be thereby justified, or …
Of Christ the Mediator
The Son of God, the second person in the Trinity, being very and eternal God, of one substance …
Of Free Will
Man, by his fall into a state of sin, hath wholly lost all ability of will to any …
Of Repentance unto Life
By it, a sinner, out of the sight and sense not only of the danger, but also of …
Of the Holy Scripture
The whole counsel of God concerning all things necessary for His own glory, man’s salvation, faith, and life, …
Of Christ the Mediator
The Lord Jesus, in His human nature thus united to the divine, was sanctified and anointed with the …
Of Free Will
When God converts a sinner, and translates him into the state of grace, He freeth him from his …
Of Effectual Calling
All those whom God hath predestinated unto life, and those only, He is pleased in His appointed and …
Of Christ the Mediator
Christ, in the work of mediation, acteth according to both natures, by each nature doing that which is …
Of Providence
The almighty power, unsearchable wisdom, and infinite goodness of God so far manifest themselves in His providence, that …
Of Justification
God doth continue to forgive the sins of those that are justified: and although they can never fall …
Of God, and of the Holy Trinity
There is but one only, living, and true God: who is infinite in being and perfection, a most …
Of Providence
The most wise, righteous, and gracious God doth oftentimes leave for a season His own children to manifold …
Of Providence
As for those wicked and ungodly men whom God, as a righteous Judge, for former sins, doth blind …
Of Free Will
God hath endued the will of man with that natural liberty, that is neither forced, nor by any …
Of Repentance unto Life
As there is no sin so small, but it deserves damnation, so there is no sin so great, …
Of Repentance unto Life
As every man is bound to make private confession of his sins to God, praying for the pardon …
Of Good Works
We cannot, by our best works, merit pardon of sin, or eternal life at the hand of God, …
Of Good Works
Works done by unregenerate men, although, for the matter of them, they may be things which God commands, …
Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience
The liberty which Christ hath purchased for believers under the Gospel consists in their freedom from the guilt …
Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience
And because the powers which God hath ordained, and the liberty which Christ hath purchased, are not intended …
Of Religious Worship and the Sabbath-day
Prayer is to be made for things lawful; and for all sorts of men living, or that shall …
Of Lawful Oaths and Vows
An oath is to be taken in the plain and common sense of the words, without equivocation, or …
Of the Lord’s Supper
In this sacrament, Christ is not offered up to His Father; nor any real sacrifice made at all …
Of the Holy Scripture
Although the light of nature and the works of creation and providence do so far manifest the goodness, …
Of the Holy Scripture
The books commonly called Apocrypha, not being of divine inspiration, are no part of the canon of the …
Of God’s Eternal Decree
God from all eternity did, by the most wise and holy counsel of His own will, freely, and …
Of God’s Eternal Decree
The rest of mankind God was pleased, according to the unsearchable counsel of His own will, whereby He …
Of Providence
Although, in relation to the fore-knowledge and decree of God, the first Cause, all things come to pass …
Of God’s Covenant with Man
This covenant was differently administered in the time of the law, and in the time of the gospel: …
Of Effectual Calling
Others, not elected, although they may be called by the ministry of the Word, and may have some …
Of Justification
Those whom God effectually calleth, He also freely justifieth; not by infusing righteousness into them, but by pardoning …
Of Justification
God did, from all eternity, decree to justify all the elect, and Christ did, in the fulness of …
Of Sanctification
They who are once effectually called and regenerated, having a new heart and a new spirit created in …
Of Repentance unto Life
Although repentance be not to be rested in, as any satisfaction for sin, or any cause of the …
Of Repentance unto Life
Men ought not to content themselves with a general repentance, but it is every man’s duty to endeavour …
Of the Perseverance of the Saints
This perseverance of the saints depends not upon their own free will, but upon the immutability of the …
Of the Perseverance of the Saints
Nevertheless, they may, through the temptations of Satan and of the world, the prevalency of corruption remaining in …
Of the Assurance of Grace and Salvation
True believers may have the assurance of their salvation divers ways shaken, diminished, and intermitted; as, by negligence …
Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience
They who, upon pretence of Christian liberty, do practice any sin, or cherish any lust, do thereby destroy …
Of Religious Worship and the Sabbath-day
The light of nature showeth that there is a God, who hath lordship and sovereignty over all, is …
Of Religious Worship and the Sabbath-day
As it is the law of nature, that, in general, a due proportion of time be set apart …
Of Lawful Oaths and Vows
The name of God only is that by which men ought to swear; and therein it is to …
Of Lawful Oaths and Vows
Whosoever taketh an oath ought duly to consider the weightiness of so solemn an act; and therein to …
Of Lawful Oaths and Vows
A vow is of the like nature with a promissory oath, and ought to be made with the …
Of Lawful Oaths and Vows
No man may vow to do anything forbidden in the Word of God, or what would hinder any …
Of the Church
There is no other head of the Church, but the Lord Jesus Christ; nor can the Pope of …
Of Baptism
Baptism is a sacrament of the New Testament, ordained by Jesus Christ, not only for the solemn admission …
Of Baptism
Although it be a great sin to contemn or neglect this ordinance, yet grace and salvation are not …
Of the Lord’s Supper
Private masses, or receiving this sacrament by a priest or any other alone; as likewise, the denial of …
Of the Lord’s Supper
The outward elements in this sacrament, duly set apart to the uses ordained by Christ, have such relation …
Of the Lord’s Supper
That doctrine which maintains a change of the substance of bread and wine into the substance of Christ’s …
Of the Lord’s Supper
Although ignorant and wicked men receive the outward elements in this sacrament: yet they receive not the thing …
Of Church Censures
To these officers the keys of the kingdom of heaven are committed: by virtue whereof, they have power …
Of Church Censures
For the better attaining of these ends, the officers of the Church are to proceed by admonition; suspension …
Of the Last Judgment
As Christ would have us to be certainly persuaded that there shall be a day of judgment, both …
WLC
Westminster Larger Catechism
83
What are those aggravations that make some sins more heinous than others?
Sins receive their aggravations, 1. From the persons offending: if they be of riper age, greater experience or …
Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?
The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consisteth in the guilt of Adam's first sin, the want …
How is original sin conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity?
Original sin is conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity by natural generation, so as all that …
Death, being the wages of sin, why are not the righteous delivered …
The righteous shall be delivered from death itself at the last day, and even in death are delivered …
What are the sins forbidden in the third commandment?
The sins forbidden in the third commandment are, the not using of God's name as is required; and …
What are the sins forbidden in the fourth commandment?
The sins forbidden in the fourth commandment are, all omissions of the duties required, all careless, negligent, and …
What are the sins forbidden in the sixth commandment?
The sins forbidden in the sixth commandment are, all taking away the life of ourselves, or of others, …
What are the sins forbidden in the eighth commandment?
The sins forbidden in the eighth commandment, besides the neglect of the duties required, are, theft, robbery, man-stealing, …
What are the sins forbidden in the ninth commandment?
The sins forbidden in the ninth commandment are, all prejudicing the truth, and the good name of our …
What is sin?
Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, any law of God, given as a rule …
What are the punishments of sin in this world?
The punishments of sin in this world are either inward, as blindness of mind, a reprobate sense, strong …
What are the punishments of sin in the world to come?
The punishments of sin in the world to come, are everlasting separation from the comfortable presence of God, …
Doth God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin …
God doth not leave all men to perish in the estate of sin and misery, into which they …
Can they who have never heard the gospel, and so know not …
They who, having never heard the gospel, know not Jesus Christ, and believe not in him, cannot be …
What are the sins forbidden in the first commandment?
The sins forbidden in the first commandment are, atheism, in denying or not having a God; Idolatry, in …
What are the sins forbidden in the second commandment?
The sins forbidden in the second commandment are, all devising, counseling, commanding, using, and anywise approving, any religious …
What are the sins of inferiors against their superiors?
The sins of inferiors against their superiors are, all neglect of the duties required toward them; envying at, …
What are the sins of superiors?
The sins of superiors are, besides the neglect of the duties required of them, an inordinate seeking of …
What are the sins of equals?
The sins of equals are, besides the neglect of the duties required, the undervaluing of the worth, envying …
What are the sins forbidden in the seventh commandment?
The sins forbidden in the seventh commandment, besides the neglect of the duties required, are, adultery, fornication, rape, …
What are the sins forbidden in the tenth commandment?
The sins forbidden in the tenth commandment are, discontentment with our own estate; envying and grieving at the …
What doth every sin deserve at the hands of God?
Every sin, even the least, being against the sovereignty, goodness, and holiness of God, and against his righteous …
May not true believers, by reason of their imperfections, and the many …
True believers, by reason of the unchangeable love of God, and his decree and covenant to give them …
Of what use is the moral law to all men?
The moral law is of use to all men, to inform them of the holy nature and will …
How is our Baptism to be improved by us?
The needful but much neglected duty of improving our Baptism, is to be performed by us all our …
What do we pray for in the second petition.?
In the second petition (which is, Thy kingdom come,) acknowledging ourselves and all mankind to be by nature …
Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be God?
It was requisite that the Mediator should be God, that he might sustain and keep the human nature …
What rules are to be observed for the right understanding of the …
For the right understanding of the ten commandments, these rules are to be observed: 1. That the law …
What do we pray for in the sixth petition?
In the sixth petition (which is, And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil,) acknowledging, …
What is God's providence towards the angels?
God by his providence permitted some of the angels, wilfully and irrecoverably, to fall into sin and damnation, …
Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be man?
It was requisite that the Mediator should be man, that he might advance our nature, perform obedience to …
What is justifying faith?
Justifying faith is a saving grace, wrought in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit and word …
What is repentance unto life?
Repentance unto life is a saving grace, wrought in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit and …
Whence ariseth the imperfection of sanctification in believers?
The imperfection of sanctification in believers ariseth from the remnants of sin abiding in every part of them, …
Shall all men die?
Death being threatened as the wages of sin, it is appointed unto all men once to die; for …
Why is the word Remember set in the beginning of the fourth …
The word Remember is set in the beginning of the fourth commandment, partly, because of the great benefit …
For whom are we to pray?
We are to pray for the whole church of Christ upon earth; for magistrates, and ministers; for ourselves, …
What do we pray for in the fifth petition?
In the fifth petition (which is, Forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors,) acknowledging, that we …
How doth it appear that there is a God?
The very light of nature in man, and the works of God, declare plainly that there is a …
What do the scriptures make known of God?
The scriptures make known what God is, the persons in the Godhead, his decrees, and the execution of …
What is God?
God is a Spirit, in and of himself infinite in being, glory, blessedness, and perfection; all-sufficient, eternal, unchangeable, …
Are there more Gods than one?
There is but one only, the living and true God.
How many persons are there in the Godhead?
There be three persons in the Godhead, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and these three …
What are the personal properties of the three persons in the Godhead?
It is proper to the Father to beget the Son, and to the Son to be begotten of …
How doth it appear that the Son and the Holy Ghost are …
The scriptures manifest that the Son and the Holy Ghost are God equal with the Father, ascribing unto …
What hath God especially decreed concerning angels and men?
God, by an eternal and immutable decree, out of his mere love, for the praise of his glorious …
Did all mankind fall in that first transgression ?
The covenant being made with Adam as a public person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, …
Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?
The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.
What misery did the fall bring upon mankind?
The fall brought upon mankind the loss of communion with God, his displeasure and curse; so as we …
How was the covenant of grace administered under the Old Testament?
The covenant of grace was administered under the Old Testament, by promises, prophecies, sacrifices, circumcision, the passover, and …
Who is the Mediator of the covenant of grace?
The only Mediator of the covenant of grace is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son …
How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?
Christ the Son of God became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, …
Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be God and man …
It was requisite that the Mediator, who was to reconcile God and man, should himself be both God …
Why was our Mediator called Jesus?
Our Mediator was called Jesus, because he saveth his people from their sins.
How doth Christ execute the office of a priest?
Christ executeth the office of a priest, in his once offering himself a sacrifice without spot to God, …
How doth Christ execute the office of a king?
Christ executeth the office of a king, in calling out of the world a people to himself, and …
How did Christ humble himself in his life?
Christ humbled himself in his life, by subjecting himself to the law, which he perfectly fulfilled; and by …
How did Christ humble himself in his death?
Christ humbled himself in his death, in that having been betrayed by Judas, forsaken by his disciples, scorned …
How was Christ exalted in his ascension?
Christ was exalted in his ascension, in that having after his resurrection often appeared unto and conversed with …
How doth Christ make intercession?
Christ maketh intercession, by his appearing in our nature continually before the Father in heaven, in the merit …
What is effectual calling?
Effectual calling is the work of God's almighty power and grace, whereby (out of his free and special …
What is justification?
Justification is an act of God's free grace unto sinners, in which he pardoneth all their sins, accepteth …
What is sanctification?
Sanctification is a work of God's grace, whereby they whom God hath, before the foundation of the world, …
Wherein do justification and sanctification differ?
Although sanctification be inseparably joined with justification, yet they differ, in that God in justification imputeth the righteousness …
Are all true believers at all times assured of their present being …
Assurance of grace and salvation not being of the essence of faith, true believers may wait long before …
What shall be done to the righteous at the day of judgment?
At the day of judgment, the righteous, being caught up to Christ in the clouds, shall be set …
What particular use is there of the moral law to unregenerate men?
The moral law is of use to unregenerate men, to awaken their consciences to flee from wrath to …
What are we specially taught by these words before me in the …
These words before me, or before my face, in the first commandment, teach us, that God, who seeth …
How is the sabbath or the Lord's day to be sanctified?
The sabbath or Lord's day is to be sanctified by an holy resting all the day, not only …
Who are meant by father and mother in the fifth commandment?
By father and mother, in the fifth commandment, are meant, not only natural parents, but all superiors in …
Why are superiors styled Father and Mother?
Superiors are styled Father and Mother, both to teach them in all duties toward their inferiors, like natural …
What is the honor that inferiors owe to their superiors?
The honor which inferiors owe to their superiors is, all due reverence in heart, word, and behavior; prayer …
What are the duties required in the eighth commandment?
The duties required in the eighth commandment are, truth, faithfulness, and justice in contracts and commerce between man …
Are all transgressions of the law of God equally heinous in themselves, …
All transgressions of the law of God are not equally heinous; but some sins in themselves, and by …
What is Baptism?
Baptism is a sacrament of the New Testament, wherein Christ hath ordained the washing with water in the …
How are they that receive the sacrament of the Lord's supper to …
They that receive the sacrament of the Lord's supper are, before they come, to prepare themselves thereunto, by …
What is required of them that receive the sacrament of the Lord's …
It is required of them that receive the sacrament of the Lord's supper, that, during the time of …
What is prayer?
Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God, in the name of Christ, by the help …
Are we to pray unto God only?
God only being able to search the hearts, hear the requests, pardon the sins, and fulfil the desires …
Why are we to pray in the name of Christ?
The sinfulness of man, and his distance from God by reason thereof, being so great, as that we …
How are we to pray?
We are to pray with an awful apprehension of the majesty of God, and deep sense of our …
What do we pray for in the third petition?
In the third petition (which is, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven,) acknowledging, …
What do we pray for in the fourth petition?
In the fourth petition (which is, Give us this day our daily bread,) acknowledging, that in Adam, and …
WSC
Westminster Shorter Catechism
22
Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?
The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consists in the guilt of Adam's first sin, the want …
What is sin?
Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, the law of God.
What was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate …
The sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created, was their eating the …
Did God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin …
God having, out of his mere good pleasure, from all eternity, elected some to everlasting life did enter …
Did our first parents continue in the estate wherein they were created?
Our first parents, being left to the freedom of their own will, fell from the estate wherein they …
Did all mankind fall in Adam's first transgression?
The covenant being made with Adam, not only for himself, but for his posterity; all mankind, descending from …
Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?
The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.
What is the misery of that estate whereinto man fell?
All mankind by their fall lost communion with God, are under his wrath and curse, and so made …
What doth every sin deserve?
Every sin deserveth God's wrath and curse, both in this life, and that which is to come.
What doth God require of us, that we may escape his wrath …
To escape the wrath and curse of God, due to us for sin, God requireth of us faith …
What is repentance unto life?
Repentance unto life is a saving grace, whereby a sinner, out of a true sense of his sin, …
Who is the Redeemer of God's elect?
The only Redeemer of God's elect is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, …
How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?
Christ, the Son of God, became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, …
What is effectual calling?
Effectual calling is the work of God's Spirit, whereby, convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our …
What is justification?
Justification is an act of God's free grace, wherein he pardoneth all our sins, and accepteth us as …
What is sanctification?
Sanctification is the work of God's free grace, whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the …
What are we specially taught by these words, 'before me', in the …
These words, before me, in the first commandment teach us, that God, who seeth all things, taketh notice …
What is forbidden in the fourth commandment?
The fourth commandment forbiddeth the omission or careless performance of the duties required, and the profaning the day …
Are all transgressions of the law equally heinous?
Some sins in themselves, and by reason of several aggravations, are more heinous in the sight of God …
What is prayer?
Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God, for things agreeable to his will, in the …
What do we pray for in the fifth petition?
In the fifth petition, which is, And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors, we pray …
What do we pray for in the sixth petition?
In the sixth petition, which is, And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil, we …
BCO
Book of Church Order (PCA)
48
56-4
56-4. Before baptism, the minister is to use some words of instruction, touching the institution, nature, use, and …
3-4
3-4. The power of the Church is exclusively spiritual; that of the State includes the exercise of force. …
34-5
34-5. Heresy and schism may be of such a nature as to warrant deposition; but errors ought to …
36-6
36-6. Excommunication is to be administered according to one or other of the two modes laid down for …
52-2
52-2. Then, after singing a psalm, or hymn, it is proper that, before the sermon, there should be …
21-4
21-4. Ordination Requirements and Procedures a. An intern applying for ordination shall be required to present a diploma …
24-1
24-1. Every church shall elect persons to the offices of ruling elder and deacon in the following manner: …
16-4
16-4. Officers in the Presbyterian Church in America must be above reproach in their walk and Christlike in …
37-4
37-4. When an excommunicated person shall be so affected with his state as to be brought to repentance, …
62-6
62-6. On days of fasting, the minister should point out the authority and providences calling for the observance; …
Preliminary Principles
II. PRELIMINARY PRINCIPLES The Presbyterian Church in America, in setting forth the form of government founded upon and …
3-1
3-1. The power which Christ has committed to His Church vests in the whole body, the rulers and …
3-2
3-2. Ecclesiastical power, which is wholly spiritual, is twofold. The officers exercise it sometimes severally, as in preaching …
3-3
3-3. The sole functions of the Church, as a kingdom and government distinct from the civil commonwealth, are …
3-5
3-5. The Church, with its ordinances, officers and courts, is the agency which Christ has ordained for the …
3-6
3-6. The exercise of ecclesiastical power, whether joint or several, has the divine sanction when in conformity with …
8-2
8-2. He that fills this office should possess a competency of human learning and be blameless in life, …
9-3
9-3. To the office of deacon, which is spiritual in nature, shall be chosen men of spiritual character, …
11-3
11-3. All Church courts are one in nature, constituted of the same elements, possessed inherently of the same …
16-3
16-3. Upon those whom God calls to bear office in His Church He bestows suitable gifts for the …
19-7
19-7. The Holy Scriptures require that some trial be previously made of those who are to be ordained …
21-5
21-5. The day appointed for the ordination having come, and the Presbytery being convened, a sermon suitable for …
24-6
24-6. The day having arrived, and the Session being convened in the presence of the congregation, a sermon …
25-6
25-6. A particular church which is not incorporated, desiring to elect trustees, may select from among its membership …
26-6
26-6. If by reason of the failure of a number of Presbyteries to act, or to report action, …
27-1
27-1. Discipline is the exercise of authority given the Church by the Lord Jesus Christ to instruct and …
27-2
27-2. All baptized persons, being members of the Church are subject to its discipline and entitled to the …
27-3
27-3. The exercise of discipline is highly important and necessary. In its proper usage discipline maintains: a. the …
27-4
27-4. The power which Christ has given the Church is for building up, and not for destruction. It …
27-5
27-5. Scriptural law is the basis of all discipline because it is the revelation of God’s Holy will. …
28-1
28-1. The spiritual nurture, instruction and training of the children of the Church are committed by God primarily …
28-4
28-4. Adult non-communing members, who receive with meekness and appreciation the oversight and instruction of the Church, are …
29-2
29-2. Offenses are either personal or general, private or public; but all of them being sins against God, …
34-2
34-2. As no minister ought, on account of his office, to be screened in his sin, or slightly …
34-7
34-7. When a minister, pending a trial, shall make confession, if the matter be base and flagitious, such …
34-8
34-8. A minister under indefinite suspension from his office or deposed for scandalous conduct shall not be restored, …
36-2
36-2. Church censures and the modes of administering them should be suited to the nature of the offenses. …
36-5
36-5. Indefinite suspension from office or the Sacraments should be administered after the manner prescribed for definite suspension, …
36-7
36-7. The censure of deposition shall be administered by the moderator in the words following: Whereas, ____________________, a …
38-4
38-4. When a member of a particular church has willfully neglected the church for a period of one …
47-8
47-8. It behooves God’s people not only to come into His presence with a deep sense of awe …
53-2
53-2. The subject of a sermon should be some verse or verses of Scripture, and its object, to …
53-5
53-5. By way of application of the sermon the minister may urge his hearers by commandment or invitation …
58-3
58-3. It is proper that public notice should be given to the congregation, at least the Sabbath before …
58-4
58-4. On the day of the observance of the Lord's Supper, when the sermon is ended, the minister …
58-5
58-5. The table, on which the elements are placed, being decently covered, and furnished with bread and wine, …
58-7
58-7. The minister may, in a few words, put the communicants in mind: Of the grace of God, …
59-6
59-6. Marriage is of a public nature. The welfare of civil society, the happiness of families, and the …