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Thomas Thoroughgood

c. 1595–1669

Norfolk minister; *Iewes in America*, the Lost-Tribes thesis on Native American descent.

Holds the Westminster position on all 35 attributes.

Biography

Of Christ's College Cambridge, then rector of Great Massingham in Norfolk, where he spent his whole ministerial career. His Iewes in America: or, Probabilities that those Indians are Iudaical (1650, expanded second edition 1660) argued that the indigenous peoples of America descended from the Lost Tribes of Israel — a position with significant millennial-Israel resonance in Anglo-Reformed eschatology. The work was widely discussed by both English and New England theologians: John Eliot, the Apostle to the Indians, prefaced the second edition; Cotton Mather and Increase Mather both engaged it; and it shaped the Mathers' continuing expectation of Israel's restoration. Thoroughgood attended the Assembly intermittently, was ejected in 1662, and died in 1669.

Principal works

Iewes in America (1650)

Role at the Assembly

English Presbyterian divine

The great majority of the sitting members were English parish ministers of Presbyterian conviction. They formed the drafting core of the Assembly, manning its three standing committees and supplying most of the text of the Confession, the two Catechisms, and the Directory for Public Worship.

Ontology placement · 0 overrides of 35

I. ✦ Scripture

Sufficiency Express-And-Good-Consequence Canon 66-Book-Protestant-Canon Authority Self-Authenticating-With-Internal-Witness Interpretation Scripture-Interprets-Scripture Necessity Necessary-After-The-Fall

II. ✠ God & Decree

Trinity Nicene-With-Filioque Order of Decrees Deliberately-Permits-Both Extent of Atonement Particular Reprobation Preterition-And-Just-Condemnation Covenant of Redemption Implicit-Affirmed

III. ⊕ Covenant

Number of Covenants Bi-Covenantal Mosaic Covenant Administration-Of-Grace Children of Believers Federal-Inclusion-Paedobaptist Testamental Continuity One-Substance-Different-Administrations

IV. ☧ Christology

Natures Chalcedonian-Two-Natures Offices Prophet-Priest-King States & Descent Humiliation-And-Exaltation; No-Local-Descent Active-Obedience Imputation Active-And-Passive-Obedience-Imputed

V. ✚ Soteriology

Effectual Calling Effectual-And-Renewing Justification Ground Imputed-Righteousness-Of-Christ Saving Faith Receptive-Resting-On-Christ-Alone Perseverance Certain-For-The-Elect Assurance Attainable-But-Not-Essence-Of-Faith

VI. ⚖ Law & Sanctification

Uses of the Law Three-Uses-Affirmed Tripartite Division Moral-Judicial-Ceremonial Sabbath Lords-Day-Fourth-Commandment-Perpetual Good Works Necessary-Fruit-Not-Meritorious

VII. ☩ Ecclesiology & Worship

Polity Presbyterian-Jure-Divino Sacramental Efficacy Signs-And-Seals-Conferring-Grace-By-Spirit Regulative Principle Strict-Only-What-Commanded Censures & Synods Three-Degrees-With-Graded-Synods

VIII. ⌛ Civil & Last Things

Magistrate's Role Custos-Utriusque-Tabulae (1646) Oaths & Marriage Oaths-Lawful-Serious; Divorce-Adultery-Or-Desertion Intermediate State Immediate-Conscious-With-God-Or-Judgment Final Judgment Single-Universal-Judgment-By-Christ

Cite this divine

Study Reformed, “Thomas Thoroughgood” (Divine), Westminster Standards Atlas, version 79a5f9880ac1, https://studyreformed.com/atlas/cite/persona/thomas-thoroughgood/.

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Ontology version 79a5f9880ac1 — the state of the Atlas you are reading, so a citation stays checkable when the ontology is revised.